Achieving proper alignment, however, involves much more than merely adjustment the machines so that the shafts are coaxial. The orbit of a turbine driving a pump during startup is shown in. At this diameter the maximum allowable gap would be. It operates on the principle, that a very slight upward pressure on the spindle at the contact point is multiplied through a system of gears and levers. Shaft alignment tolerances historically, shaft alignment tolerances have been governed by the coupling manufacturers design specifications. Shaft alignment training with vibralign professional trainer stan riddle.
To use a dial indicator, mount it on the coupler halves as shown in figure 2. When using this form, you may find it convenient to use mils instead of thousandths of an inch. For example, a machine running at 1800 rpm with 12 inch of spacer shaft length would allow a maximum offset of. Stan shows you how to perform an alignment in just one or two moves using dial. With the help of dial, mounted on a vertical stand generally refered as height gauge pick up the height of axis line of the motor. Using dial indicators properly for shaft alignment is almost an art form.
Then, check the height of pump shaft with the height gauge. There are two common methods for checking shaft alignment. Machine type pump motor vertical angle horizontal angle horizontal offset thermal compensation stationary s machine movable m machine vertical offset offset 2. Dial gauges or laser measurement devices are often used to provide more accurate measurements of the degree of misalignment between the motor and pump shafts. Alignment report hung seng huat engineering product co. If you use calipers, inside micrometers, or a dial indicator to measure face to face misalignment, the result you get is the gap difference top to bottom or.
To measure vertical misalignment, perform the following steps. A dial indicator would be used when more accuracy is required or desired. However, even under the best of circumstances, it will be a timeconsuming task with many traps and pitfalls for the unwary or the untrained. Now that we know that soft foot is bad, we will discuss how to measure and correct it. Couplings must be of proper design and with adequate. Vemc presents pump motor alignment process with help of dial gauge method for accurate and smooth functioning of machines in your manufacturing units. Those who purchase new alignment instruments and hand them out to field technicians who lack the knowledge of alignment fundamentals are.
However, precision alignments are possible using dial gauges with magnetic bases. Trains where one shaft cant be rotated during the alignment process. Document asfound results using a format similar to that shown below. This course begins with the fundamental principles behind shaft to shaft alignment and concludes with students conducting a series of alignment exercises using conventional alignment tools. Shaft alignment industrial wiki odesie by tech transfer. Several equipment alignment methods, especially the reverse dial indicator method, which is the principle used in laser alignment is covered in explicit detail. If they dont check your hardware for problems and correct them. Life before was the use of straight edges, feeler gauges, comparators and dial indicators. A practical guide to shaft alignment plant services. Install two dial indicators radially against the top of the pump shaft, at ninety degrees to each other, lets say at 3 and 6 oclock. How accurate are dial indicators for shaft alignment. Vibralign is committed to helping businesses use their resources more efficiently and effectively. Precision shaft alignment using dial indicators abstract even with the advent of new computerized dial indicator and laser alignment systems, knowledge of the basics of shaft alignment is a must. The primary reasons why machinery is misaligned is lack of proper training, improper tools to do the job, and that people are not given enough time to do it right.
The procedure for doing reverse dial indicator alignment is not a difficult one. This means that all the alignments are rough alignments done with the help of a straight edge ruler or a filler gauges. For this training, you will perform the alignment with the shafts uncoupled and the indicators mounted in direct contact with the rim and face of the movable shafts coupling. If the shaft laser is damaged which is possible and do not have a spare laser, you should be prepared to carry out a coupling alignment with an alternative method. When the indicator is at zero on the top the two side readings added together should always equal the bottom. It is to note that none of the alignment is perfect. If there is a difference from end to end, make it equal by shims. Dial indicator bar sag describes a bending of the hardware used to support a dial indicator or other part which spans the coupling. The original function of a flexible coupling was to accommodate the small amounts of shaft misalignment remaining after the completion of a shaft alignment using a straight edge or feeler gauges. Pdf basic shaft alignment workbook for industrial rotatin. Rotate the halves together, always matching the chalk mark.
Aligning vertical pumps empowering pumps and equipment. For most centrifugal pumps, once installation is complete, much more precise alignment is necessary. The graphical illustration of a single dial indicator sweep is shown in figure 12. Reverse rim dial vs rim face universal technologies intrctv. The alignment training is suitable for technicians undertaking machine alignment, coupling alignment, motor alignmnet, pump alignment, etc. One of the primary challenges of all methods used for shaft alignment on rotating machinery is obtaining valid measurement data. While the dials may seem confusing at first, theyre easy to read once.
Dial indicator principle, diagram, working, application dial indicator. To calculate the amount of shim to add to com pensate for the short foot, the sum of the smaller. For a large 1,200 rpm pump with an elastomerinshear coupling, alignment with a straight edge and feeler gauge to precision of 0. In the right hands, a very accurate alignment can be performed with dial indicators. Figure 46 shows the calculation using the cross dial alignment form. Threaded couplings which connect the motor and pump shafts are aligned using a dial indicator and bracket. As the two coupling flanges are bolted together, the pump shaft and impeller are lifted off the pump case, setting the proper impeller to flange clearance. The shaft alignment training course provides a highly practical knowledge of the use of dial gauge in coupling alignment.
Stan shows you how to perform an alignment in just one or two moves using dial indicators and the vertizontal compound move method. For machines with sufficient space between coupling halves, fixtures can be mounted such that the dial indicators are in direct contact with the coupling or the shaft. Can you proceed with alignment when there is shaftcoupling runout. Create a pdf report directly when measurement is complete it is pos. The skf tksa 11 is the first instrument on the market that uses inductive proximity sensors, enabling accurate and reliable shaft alignment to. If you are not using aloma shims use a micrometer to determine the actual thickness. Your dial indicator should have an attachment that you can use to secure it to a stand. The bending action occurs as a result of gravity and cannot be totally eliminated in almost all cases of alignment. Starrett shaft alignment clamp set, aluminum frame. Special brackets are available for alignment with locked rotors. It is indicated on the face of the dial by a dial finger. There are several steps which need to be taken for a successful alignment job.
Easy online ordering and nextday delivery available with 247 expert product support. Next, bring the shaft back toward 6 oclock by one half. Put feeler gauges, vernier callipers and straight edges to good use to. Shaft alignment training course ppt presentation and. Offset alignment or radial alignment is checked using a straight edge ruler. Dial indicator alignment basics dial indicators are measuring devices designed expressly to measure relative position. Shaft alignment report laser alignment, ultrasonic. This occurs when using a twopole motor 3,500 to 3,600 rpm.
Fluke 830 shaft alignment brochure fluke corporation. Dial indicator alignment basics alignment knowledge. Dial indicator principle, diagram, working, application. If you do not have a stand, it is still possible to calibrate your dial indicator. The stand will stabilize your dial indicator while you take your measurements. A mediumsize 3,600 rpm hot water circulation pump with a jaw coupling, however, would require precision alignment with dial.
Laser devices provide higher levels of accuracy and also have automated features that simplify and speed up the work of measuring alignment. This required a high skill level to obtain a precision alignment. Looking for starrett shaft alignment clamp set, aluminum frame material, steel band material 4cev9. The primary parts of a dial indicator are the face or dial, the case, and the plunger. Shaft alignment by dial test indicator dti horizontal alignment parallel shaft alignment by dial test indicator dti vertical alignment angular pump motor the indicators are zeroed on the top and read at the bottom record the indicator reading and consider the sag compensation by subtracting it from the recorded reading move the motor to. Fixture mounting procedures are obviously dependent on the specific type of hardware being used. There are many factors that effect measurement accuracy, largely depending on the hardware setup and method used. Installation, operation, and maintenance manual goulds pumps. Even if you have a laser alignment system, it is a good idea to have a couple of dial indicators, a good feeler gauge and a micrometer in your alignment kit. This allows the use of whole numbers and avoids confusing decimals. Complete a handson rough alignment using straight edge techniques.
The plunger is a spring loaded part that can be depressed into the case causing the dial to move clockwise. With the standard equipment and completely normal set up on the machine. Proper alignment of rotating equipment has a long been recognized as a prerequisite to safe, reliable operation. Produce pdf reports directly from the display unit and. Draft tolerance, and that the axial shatt separation is within tolerance. Dial indicators can be used to check round parts like wheels for straightness and are commonly used in machine shops. The book is reference material on rotating machinery basics, pump overhaul, mechanical seals, basic vibration, and shaft alignment. Dial indicator alignment involves the use of two dial indicators.
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